{"id":31813,"date":"2026-06-12T12:44:49","date_gmt":"2026-06-12T10:44:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/schoolofcommunism.com\/talk\/france-1936-reform-or-revolution\/"},"modified":"2026-07-14T18:29:00","modified_gmt":"2026-07-14T16:29:00","slug":"france-1936-reform-or-revolution","status":"publish","type":"talk","link":"https:\/\/schoolofcommunism.com\/fr\/talk\/france-1936-reform-or-revolution\/","title":{"rendered":"La France en 1936 : r\u00e9forme ou r\u00e9volution ?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En mai 1936, le Front populaire remportait les \u00e9lections l\u00e9gislatives fran\u00e7aises. Une vague de gr\u00e8ves \u00e9clata dans les semaines qui suivirent le scrutin. Au cours de ce qui \u00e9tait alors la plus grande gr\u00e8ve g\u00e9n\u00e9rale de l\u2019histoire de France, les travailleurs fran\u00e7ais ont arrach\u00e9 d'immenses concessions \u00e0 la classe dirigeante, notamment la semaine de 40 heures et \u2013 pour la toute premi\u00e8re fois \u2013 les cong\u00e9s pay\u00e9s !<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ces \u00e9v\u00e9nements sont devenus un v\u00e9ritable mythe au sein de la gauche et du mouvement ouvrier fran\u00e7ais. Ils restent associ\u00e9s \u00e0 la victoire et au progr\u00e8s social dans l'esprit de nombreux militants de gauche et de travailleurs. Pour autant, en tant que communistes r\u00e9volutionnaires, notre devoir n'est pas de comm\u00e9morer, mais de comprendre la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 d\u2019un processus que toutes les directions r\u00e9formistes, depuis 1936, s'efforcent de d\u00e9former.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Il nous faut comprendre ce qu'\u00e9tait r\u00e9ellement le Front populaire. Pourquoi a-t-il fini par s'effondrer ? Quelle \u00e9tait la signification profonde des gr\u00e8ves de mai et juin 1936 ? Pourquoi la plupart de leurs conqu\u00eates ont-elles \u00e9t\u00e9 si rapidement remises en cause, puis d\u00e9mantel\u00e9es ? Pourquoi cette mobilisation historique de la classe ouvri\u00e8re fran\u00e7aise s'est-elle conclue par l'instauration d\u2019une dictature bonapartiste du mar\u00e9chal P\u00e9tain ? Et surtout, quelles le\u00e7ons ceux qui veulent aujourd\u2019hui renverser le capitalisme peuvent-ils tirer de ces \u00e9v\u00e9nements ?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C'est Jules Legendre, membre dirigeant du Parti Communiste R\u00e9volutionnaire (PCR) en France, qui r\u00e9pondra \u00e0 toutes ces questions. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Liste de lecture<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>L\u00e9on Trotsky \u2013 \u201c Un programme d'action pour la France \u201d (1934) (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/archive\/trotsky\/1934\/06\/paf.htm\">Anglais<\/a>) (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/espanol\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/trotsky\/ceip\/escritos\/libro4\/T06V103.htm\">Espagnol<\/a>) (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/francais\/4int\/prewar\/1934\/prog34.htm\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/francais\/4int\/prewar\/1934\/prog34.htm\">Fran\u00e7ais<\/a>) (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/deutsch\/archiv\/trotzki\/1934\/06\/progindex.htm\">Allemand<\/a>) (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/catala\/trotsky\/1934\/06\/franca.pdf\">Portugais<\/a>)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>L\u00e9on Trotsky \u2013 \u201c L\u2019heure de d\u00e9cision approche : sur la situation en France \u201d (1938) (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.marxists.org\/archive\/trotsky\/1938\/12\/france.htm\">Anglais<\/a>) (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/francais\/trotsky\/livres\/ouvalafrance\/ovlf9.htm\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/francais\/trotsky\/livres\/ouvalafrance\/ovlf9.htm\">Fran\u00e7ais<\/a>) (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/deutsch\/archiv\/trotzki\/1938\/12\/stunde.htm\">Allemand<\/a>)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Rob Sewell \u2013 \u201c Sous une fausse banni\u00e8re : le stalinisme et le \u2018Front populaire\u2019 \u2013 un pi\u00e8ge pour la classe ouvri\u00e8re \u201d (<a href=\"https:\/\/marxist.com\/britain-stalinism-and-popular-frontism-a-trap-for-the-working-class.htm\">Anglais<\/a>)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>L\u00e9on Trotsky \u2013 \u201c O\u00f9 va la France ? \u201d (1934-1936) (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/archive\/trotsky\/1936\/whitherfrance\/index.htm\">Anglais<\/a>) (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/espanol\/trotsky\/1936\/1936-francia\/01.htm\">Espagnol<\/a>) (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/francais\/trotsky\/livres\/ouvalafrance\/ovlf.htm\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/francais\/trotsky\/livres\/ouvalafrance\/ovlf.htm\">Fran\u00e7ais<\/a>) (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/deutsch\/archiv\/trotzki\/1934\/wohinfr1\/\">Allemand<\/a>) (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/portugues\/trotsky\/1934\/franca\/index.htm\">Portugais<\/a>)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>L\u00e9on Trotsky \u2013 \u201c La France \u00e0 un tournant \u201d (1936) (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/archive\/trotsky\/1936\/03\/crossroads.html\">Anglais<\/a>) (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/francais\/trotsky\/livres\/ouvalafrance\/ovlf5.htm\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/francais\/trotsky\/livres\/ouvalafrance\/ovlf5.htm\">Fran\u00e7ais<\/a>) (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.marxists.org\/portugues\/trotsky\/1936\/03\/28.htm\">Portugais<\/a>)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>J\u00e9r\u00f4me M\u00e9tellus \u2013 Le Front populaire et la gr\u00e8ve g\u00e9n\u00e9rale de mai-juin 1936 (<a href=\"https:\/\/marxist.com\/france-the-popular-front-and-the-general-strike-of-may-june-1936.htm\">Anglais<\/a>) (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.marxiste.org\/il-y-a-70-ans-le-front-populaire\">Fran\u00e7ais<\/a>)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In May of 1936, the Popular Front won the French general elections. A wave of strikes erupted in the weeks following the election. During what was at that time the most massive general strike of French history, French workers won huge concessions from the ruling class, including the 40 hour weeks and &#8211; for the [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1924,"featured_media":31850,"menu_order":0,"template":"","format":"standard","categories":[49],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-31813","talk","type-talk","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-2026-day-4-morning-session"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>France 1936: Reform or Revolution? - World School of Communism<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/schoolofcommunism.com\/fr\/talk\/france-1936-reform-or-revolution\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"France 1936: Reform or Revolution? - World School of Communism\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"In May of 1936, the Popular Front won the French general elections. 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